Gender, Masculinity, And Gender Roles - 1380 Words

This is a movie where all the main characters are women. It is about strong women who should, based on other films, develop in a typically feminine problematic environment, but is instead, viewed from the perspective of women themselves. They are not observed from outside in, but from the inside out. At the same time, Danzon reverses and thus subverts the classic representations of gender, while relocating and challenging gender roles. Unlike the common representation of women in former Mexican cinema, femininity is not defined as being an opposition to masculinity in the film. In fact, men almost rarely appear. When they do appear, they appear as constructed discourse, female imagination, or as feminized subjects. The traditional excessive narrative and visual that usually characterizes a melodrama that manifests through the body of the woman is not the case in Danzon. In Danzon, is it the body of transvestite Susi that is decorated and fetishized; it is the body of Reuben, the you ng lover of Julia, which appears as an object of desire; and it is not sexual desire of the mysterious figure of Carmelo to Julia that serves as reason to the narrative. Furthermore, Julia occupies and develops the role of seductress, conqueror, and possessor of desire; images that are otherwise a traditional cinematographic male role. Another central element that violates the traditional forms of representation is not only the fact that the female figures replace male and their roles, but theShow MoreRelatedMasculinity and Gender Roles1232 Words   |  5 PagesHow is gender and gender roles socially constructed? Soulliere states that gender is a cultural creation that is frequently developed by and represented through popular cultural media such as advertisements, music, sports, and entertainment television (Soulliere 2006). The article â€Å"Wrestling with Masculinity: Messages about Manhood in the WWE† by Danielle M. Soulliere (2006), examines messages about manhood revea led by televised professional wrestling (Soulliere 1). Messages concerning masculinityRead MoreMale Masculinity : Gender Roles2013 Words   |  9 PagesMale Masculinity in Media Male gender roles in contemporary media that are negatively portrayed through masculinity greatly effects the physical, psychological, and behavioral image of men. The social construct of masculinity in society and its relationship to males is generally reflected in male media consumption. The popular concept of women’s feminine image in the media is vastly overshadowed and more predominantly acceptable in subtle society in comparison to male’s image of masculinity. AdvertisingRead MoreMasculinity And Gender Roles For Women Essay1807 Words   |  8 PagesThe definition of masculinity has periodically changed throughout history and has been consequently refabricated. It is no longer related solely to biological attributes but has evolved into emotional, physical, and intellectual beings, altering societies opinion of what â€Å"being a man† actually is. Subconsciously, feminism has drawn their swords in the art of picket fences and created a barrier towards men built off animosity and egotism. What started in the late 19th century, woman were seeking aRead MoreGender Roles, Masculinity, And Society999 Words   |  4 Pagesinto this masculine gender role that hurts them and those who surrounding them. Many who are conditioned since birth to be masculine which can have a massive impact on them later in life to make them emotionally stunted. Media also displays the model that men cannot be abused by women often, which affects their response to the abuse of themselves because that behavior has been normalized. This will be focused on how gender roles, masculinity, and society all have their own roles when it comes to perpetuatingRead MoreThe Role Of Gender Roles On Masculinity And Femininity1010 Words   |  5 PagesFirstly, one of the aspects of gender role is the distinction of roles based on masculinity and femininity or sex and gender. Before Blanche’s arrival, for Stanley being the masculine and the head of the house who is in absolute control and Stela being the woman of the house who takes care of the house: their relationship was happily as both know their part and were comfortable with it. As a motif, Stanley brings the food symbolizing that he is the man of the house and Stella cooks the food thatRead MoreGender Roles Are A Conception Of Femininity And Masculinity Essay1157 Words   |  5 PagesWomen in Advertisements Gender roles are a conception of femininity and masculinity. The gender roles for men and women in society are partially constituted of individual thinking. These conceptions and gender roles are not completely biological but also social and cultural. Women are earning advanced degrees and are entering careers which have been traditionally dominated by men. But women are still depicted as images of beauty and sexuality in movies, video games and advertisements. This paperRead MoreGender Roles And Issues Regarding Feminisms And Masculinity939 Words   |  4 PagesGender in Popular Culture Gender is very crucial element in the American popular culture. What comes in mind when we talk about gender in the American popular culture so many questions go through the mind. The questions will go back to the gender roles and issues concerning feminisms and masculinity. One may question any advantage of being a male to a female because this is where stereotypes are arising especially in the American popular culture. Many scholars have written on gender and culture;Read MoreDouble Standard of Masculinity in Gender Role Socialization2574 Words   |  11 PagesMasculinity is a topic that has been debated in our society extensively, through research as well as in informal settings. Many wonder what it means to be masculine, and if we can really assign a definition to such a subjective term. After all, shouldnt ones own perception be the determinant of what constitutes masculinity? This self-construction would be the ideal in our society, but unfortunately, it represents a false bel ief. Masculinity has certain characteristics assigned to it by our cultureRead More Double Standard Of Masculinity In Gender Role Socialization Essay2420 Words   |  10 Pages Masculinity is a topic that has been debated in our society extensively, through research as well as in informal settings. Many wonder what it means to be masculine, and if we can really assign a definition to such a subjective term. After all, shouldnt ones own perception be the determinant of what constitutes masculinity? This self-construction would be the ideal in our society, but unfortunately, it represents a false belief. Masculinity has certain characteristics assigned to it by our cultureRead MoreHow Hegemonic Masculinity Has Set Ideas Of Gender Roles Essay1100 Words   |  5 PagesLiterature Review There are many existing literatures on women and weightlifting. This research will be focusing on how hegemonic masculinity has set ideas of gender roles and how these women challenge the social discourse that they face being a muscular or look ‘manly’. A study by Brace-Govan (2004), focused on external factors that attempted to contain the interest and access to weightlifting as well as epiphanic moments during interview sessions. The article concluded that the sense of achievements

Essay on Violence A Means to an End - 2095 Words

Violence: A Means to an End? The use of violence to further various political and social movements occurs throughout Latin America and its history. Its long-term effectiveness in a social context, however, is dubious. Although many of these revolutions proved initially successful in accomplishing their stated purpose, especially in the political arena, eventually the drastic changes cause regression or create a sort of culture of instability within the nation. The Haitian Revolution and the Mexican War of Independence exemplify this standard. Seen as huge successes in their time, these historical revolutions have caused deterioration in the current state of affairs in the respective nations. Despite the lasting changes they have†¦show more content†¦In the cases that these campaigns do not kill the movement, the dissidents are only made stronger. In order to foment social change and break free from oppression, the lower classes have historically attempted to arm themselves and fight to the death for their cause. Toussaint Louverture aroused his fellow Haitians around the cause of independence, and led them in a revolt against their French masters, and managed to make Haiti the â€Å"first free black republic in the world and the second independent nation in the Americas,† in 1804.1 This victory resulted in a heady feeling of triumph over their success in lessening the power of the three main colonial powers—Britain, France, and Spain—in Latin America. 2 This initial feeling of glory only lasted for several decades, however, until the first crippling blow was dealt Haiti. An unanticipated and unfavorable turn of events in 1825 would chain Haiti to France once again, as France called for reparation payments to be made to former slaveholders.3 Payment of this approximately $21.7 billion debt lasted until th e 1950s, and these years of subservience undoubtedly contribute to Haiti’s status as one of the poorest and most underdeveloped nations in the word. 4 The forces of change that propelled the nation forward came quickly to a halt, therefore preventing any further progress. Despite the original success of a violent slave revolt, unforeseen consequences resulted that not only effectively reversedShow MoreRelatedNon Violence : Both Ends And Means939 Words   |  4 PagesNon-violence: both ends and means (66) In this passage, Gandhi talks about what non-violence means to him. In his reading, he talks about the importance of non-violence in resisting injustice. He further talks about how non-violence is a part of his life and the importance of it in his movements like Satyagraha, noncooperation, and civil disobedience. He then also says nonviolence is the only way India can gain freedom. I believe that he is right. India gained its’ freedom, because of Gandhi andRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Violence Essay1205 Words   |  5 PagesViolence â€Å"The practice of violence, like all action, changes the world, but the most probable change is to a more violent world† (Arendt pg 80). Violence is contagious, like a disease, which will destroy nations and our morals as human beings. Each individual has his or her own definition of violence and when it is acceptable or ethical to use it. Martin Luther King Jr., Walter Benjamin, and Hannah Arendt are among the many that wrote about the different facets of violence, in what cases it isRead MoreWebers Analysis Of Max Weber : Bureaucratization Of Society1452 Words   |  6 Pagesbecomes about efficiency and making rational calculate choices to complete your task in the society. This type of bureaucratization has shown up in analysis of genocide, as people become apart of a society that has normalized violence their duty become all they focus on and the ends are forgotten or ignore. Max Weber describes the history of the relationship between society and career starting from when people had divine callings that gave them fulfillment through support. Any extra earnings were givenRead MoreMartin Luther King Jr.922 Words   |  4 Pagesbelieved that the ends justify the means no matter how terrible those means were, the evidence will show that King s ideas that the means used to reach an end should be pure are more reasonable. To understand why King’s ideas are more reasonable it is important to distinguish what he meant by pure means for a pure end compared to that of what Machiavelli was talking about. King while trying to revolutionize civil rights constantly preached that nonviolence demands that the means use[d] must be asRead MoreTheological Justifications Of Violence In Relation To Jesus.1400 Words   |  6 PagesJustifications of Violence in relation to Jesus Introduction The history of religion has been pervaded by offensive and aggressive wars even before the birth of Jesus Christ as the messiah of Christian eschatology. Yet, Jesus brought another dimension to the faith that was more pacifist as evident in his preaching and examples. Looking at the Gospels and the interpretation of Jesus’ teachings in the letters of Saint Paul to the different churches, there exist numerous references of justified violence in relationRead MorePolitical Representation Of Political Violence1337 Words   |  6 Pages When embarking on a study of the representation of political violence in drama, it is essential first of all to establish some agreed-upon terms and frames of reference, and some reasonably stable understanding of the object of study. Political violence as a subject for dramatic representation can be seen as a special category of what is called political drama more generally. Political drama can be understood to include such ingredients as the clash of political philosophies and strategiesRead MoreWyatts the Long Love That in My Thought Doth Harbour1069 Words   |  5 PagesSiddhartha Biswas SOME OBSERVATIONS REGARDING VIOLENCE Frantz Fanon, ‘Concerning Violence’ National liberation, national renaissance, the restoration of nationhood to the people, commonwealth: whatever may be the headings used or the formulas introduced, decolonization is always a violent phenomenon. At whatever level we study it – relationship between individuals, new neames for sports clubs, the human admixture at cocktail parties, in the police, on the directing boards of national or privateRead More Themes of Violence and Conflict are Central to Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare1519 Words   |  7 Pagesthan violence and conflict, this is why Romeo and Juliet is superseded with much violence and conflict which covers the love story in Romeo and Juliet. In Romeo and Juliet violence and conflict are very important as a result of the fact that two families in this play dislike each other and are feuding. This causes much friction in the play leading to a huge amount of violence and conflict. A prologue is an introduction or foreword which is used to prepare the audience for the violence and conflictRead MoreConstrast and Comparison of Gandhi, Malcolm X, and Martin Luther King on the Topic of Violence1049 Words   |  5 PagesViolence/Nonviolence Violence is an unjust and unwarranted exertion of force or power. It is a tactic to abuse or violate another being. Many people have thought this notion wrong and used nonviolent methods to go against their oppressor and successfully overcome them. Some of these individuals are Gandhi, M.L. King, and Malcolm X. Mohandas Gandhi was such a pious individual and used only nonviolence (ahimsa) to gain recognition and defeat his usurpers. His first concept was known as the lawRead MoreThe Psychoanalysts of Violence Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagestheories on violence. The implication of both theories is represented in the film that has captured the understanding of both insightful phenomena. Fanon’s views on violence are it unifies individuals into forming a complex unit organism that works together, rinses, in addition it is presented as an effective and productive mean that support the process of decolonization. In contract, Arendt’s theory detaches the concept of violence from power and emphasizes that the driven reasons for violence is anti-political

Benefits of Machine Learning in ERP-Free-Samples for Students

Question: Analyze the benefits of Machine learning in ERP. Answer: Introduction: This research proposal discusses about the various benefits of machine learning in ERP. It will define the world of IT and software for the future. In every industry, complex and analytical tasks are automated and improved to increases the accuracy and efficiency of the business. Significance of the Study of Machine Learning: Through this study machine learning can be integrated to business to use ERP by improving the accuracy of predictive analytics. Tailoring ERP is another benefit that integrates machine learning (Pavaloiu, 2016). ERP gains insight to workflow, process and customers tweaked with the application of machine learning. Problem Statement: With the increase use of machine learning there has arise a limitations and challenges. Susceptible error becomes difficult to diagnose and correct the complex algorithm. The statistical truth of machine learning is the lack of variability and problem in the verification process. Aim and Objective: Project Aim: The aim of this proposal is to analyze and replace the current technology by machine learning (Qayyum Abbasi, 2017). This study will focus companies using machine learning to expand their growth and to optimize the process. This will increase the satisfaction of the customer and improve the engagement of the employee. Project Objective: To provide the benefits of machine learning in ERP To identify the limitations of the use of machine learning in ERP To improve the work process by machine learning Research Question What are the advantage and opportunity of machine learning in ERP? What are the limitations of the use of machine learning in ERP? How industry improve their work process by machine learning? References Qayyum, S., Abbasi, A. (2017). Framework to enhance ERP usability by machine learning based requirements prioritization.Journal of Software,12(8), 664-671. Pavaloiu, A. (2016). The Impact of Artificial Intelligence on Global Trends.Journal of Multidisciplinary Developments,1(1), 21-37. (Pavaloiu, 2016)

Pam Healthcare System- MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about thePamfor Inequity in its Healthcare System. Answer: Introduction Australia is a large country that is made up of people from diverse cultural, racial, ethnic, religious, and social backgrounds. The plural nature of the Australian society has made the country to face a persistent problem of inequality and inequity in its healthcare system. For instance, there has been a big disparity between the health status of the indigenous and non-indigenous communities across the country. The case of Pam, a 39-year old Aboriginal patient demonstrates how challenging it is for the healthcare providers to deliver satisfactory services to the indigenous patients (Momani Berry, 2017). After her diagnosis with a primary cervical cancer and metastatic disease, it has reached a time when Pam should be provided with a holistic palliative care. The healthcare providers serving the patient should deliver a culturally-competent care to her. This can enable her, alongside her family members, to be provided with the services to address the physical, psychological, and spi ritual needs. Approaches or Cultural Aspects to Culturally Competent Health Care Delivery for Indigenous Australians Use of the Services of Aboriginal Liaison Officer (ALO) The aboriginals attitude, culture and perception are reluctant towards modern health techniques. The nurse does not share in this culture. There is therefore need for the nurse to assess and understand Pams values, beliefs, attitude and perceptions for the knowhow of provision of better treatment. ALO will help the nurse in determining the best approach towards treatment of Pam with regard to culturally accepted language and contact as this will impact on communication. The ALO increases connectivity between the two leading to more trust and openness (McKenna, Fernbacher, Furness Hannon, 2015). This will help in making Pam comfortable and freely willing to express herself, ensuring that her culture with regard to health is understood and health needs met (Daws, et al., 2014). The ALO will also help in interpretation and ensuring that both Pam and the nurse get the right message with regard to communication. The nurse must be able to formulate and express the message and Pam too must be able to process the message and effectively respond back and vice versa. Since the nurse is not familiar with Pams language, she requires one who will help her understand what Pam will be expressing both verbally and none verbally ((Daws, et al., 2014). If the wrong nonverbal communication is used then this will impact on the response; for example a non verbal communication which could have meant pain can be interpreted as dislike in the interaction. ALO will help also help in provision of counseling services to Pam as well as help her integrates into the health care system (Katzenellenbogen, Miller, Somerford, McEvoy Bessarab, 2015). Patient Involvement in the Treatment Process Good Relationship between the Pam and the nurse is fundamental for effective therapeutic process. It is important that Pam feels to be part and parcel of the treatment process. This is important for her knowledge of her health status as well as appreciation of kind of treatment being provided and the stages. Involvement of Pam will also reinforce adherence and response of Pam towards treatment as well as ensure she and her family gets responsible about her health care (Shay Lafata, 2015). This will in turn ensures sustainable search for further health care as Pam understands well the treatment process and so is the health care outcomes. Good relationship begins with appropriate involvement in which the nurse should not appear to be all knowing and imposing; all rather, it should be a mutual relationship with Pam at the centre of care and in position of decision making. Pam should be involved not only because of what she will say or do to influence a decision, but also by virtue of what she thinks and feel about her roles, efforts and contributions to decision making and her relationship with the nurse (Renzaho, Romios , Crock Snderlund, 2013). Further involvement of Pam by the nurse may be in ways of allocating her sufficient time to express her ideas, discussion with her on treatment options available based on her beliefs and values, empowering her with health care information as well as encourage her to share out on her knowledge and giving her responsibility with regard to her health (Joseph-Williams, Elwyn Edwards, 2014). Therapeutic Communication Therapeutic communication is the interactive process both verbal and non-verbal between the nurse and the patient through whom they will be able to connect and interrelate. It is through proper therapeutic communication that the nurse will be able to establish trust with Pam and eliminate any barrier of interaction. During Medication, similar eye level contact between Pam and the nurse will communicate equality in decision making (Schwind, McCay, Metersky Martin, 2016). Similarly, using a simple, clear and direct language is important for Pam to understand what is taking place. The nurse should ensure that Pam is not kept in the dark regarding what is happening to her, the kind of reactions and sensations she might feel in the course of treatment and in the case where there is no clear data, the nurse should be willing to indicate this to Pam and what help she can provide (Braithwaite Schrodt, 2014). It is also important that the nurse recognizes efforts made by Pam for example improvement in her feeding habits, notices changes in her body and help her understand by clarifying the situation. This therefore means that the nurse need to respect and empathize with Pam even in regard to her feelings, perception of the situation, fears and reactions towards treatment to help in providing appropriate response .The nurse also needs to adopt a tolerant attitude and accommodate Pam especially with the regard that she is an Aboriginal with values and beliefs that might be different from hers and that might also not be receptive to modern medicine (Jongen, McCalman, Bainbridge Tsey, 2014). Critical listening will be basic in therapeutic communication. The nurse needs to be sensitive to both verbal and non-verbal responses by Pam and noting whether they are in agreement so as to ensure that she responds appropriately (Braithwaite Schrodt, 2014). Reasons why Pam may Want to Return to Her Community at this End-Stage of Her Life Pam has been getting palliative care because of her primary cervical cancer and metastatic condition. These diseases had deteriorated her condition to the extent that the only option she had was to be admitted at a palliative care facility (Doolan, Najman, Henderson, Cherney, Plotnikova, Ward, Kemp, Dev Smirnov, 2015). However, before her discharge from the palliative care facility, Pam expressed concern that she wanted to be taken back to her community before she died. Pam made this request because it meant something to her. She held the view that it would play a significant role in her life (Jongen, McCalman, Bainbridge Tsey, 2014). The first reason why Pam requested the palliative care providers to take her back to her community is because it would enable her to get better care. As an Aboriginal, Pam believes that he condition can improve if she gets medical services in the midst of her people. Aboriginals are people who believe in traditional medicine that, in her opinion, is only available in her community (Grant, Parry Guerin, 2013). Therefore, by going back to the village, Pam would receive all the bush medication that would help in treating her condition. if she gets the bush medicine that she wanted, she might manage to improve her condition by reducing the suffering that she has been going through (Doolan, Najman, Henderson, Cherney, Plotnikova, Ward, Kemp, Dev Smirnov, 2015). Besides, Pam wanted to die at home. Aboriginals are conservative people who still hold certain views regarding end-of-life care. One of these views is that an Aboriginal should be given a dignified death in the midst of his people (Kelaher, Sabanovic, La Brooy, Lock, Lusher Brown, 2014). Therefore, by going back to her community, Pam would die in the presence of her community and family members. Aboriginals hold the view that it can be fulfilling for an individual to die in the company of his close family members (Donato Segal, 2013). Some death wishes should be shared with the family members. It is for this reason that she was uncomfortable to die at the hospice because it would delink her from the family and community in entirety (Kelaher, Sabanovic, La Brooy, Lock, Lusher Brown, 2014). Discharge Information to Present to Pam and Her Family Pam is having a serious health challenge that needs to be addressed using culturally-safe approach. As a palliative patient, Pam needs to be served with culturally-competent practitioners who have a deeper understanding of the health challenges facing the Aboriginals and other indigenous communities in the country (Bylund, Peterson Cameron, 2012). At the palliative care, Pam deserves to be given a high quality end-of-life care to enable her deal with the life-threatening condition he has been braving. However, during her discharge from the palliative care facility, Pam should be provided with the following information: First, the healthcare provider should inform Pam that she should seek for medical services at the palliative care facility in her community. The patient should be told that her discharge does not imply that she has recovered. Instead, she should go ahead to seek for further end-of-life care at the palliative facility because it is necessary for her life (Parker Milroy, 2014). She has reached a time when her condition should be closely monitored by palliative care providers. If this happens, the patient will still manage to deal with her condition and get all the necessary support that she deserves. It is only palliative care providers who have appropriate skills to use in assessing the patient, examining his condition, and providing the holistic services that she requires (Almutairi, McCarthy Gardner, 2014). Secondly, the patient should be provided with therapeutic services that she can rely on to manage her condition. When counseling her, the practitioner should provide her with truthful information regarding her condition and how it can be managed without causing further harms. Since palliative care should be provided to the patient and the family members, the practitioner should extend the therapy to Pams family members (Momani Berry, 2017). Just like Pam, the family members should be counseled and encouraged to be strong at this time of difficulty. The family members should be informed that they should not tire from supporting Pam because she is at a critical time when she in a dire need of their support. If properly informed, the family members will feel inspired and motivated to nurse, Pam and provide her with the necessary support that she needs (Russell, 2013). Finally, the practitioners should inform the patient and her family members that they should cooperative with the healthcare providers who are responsible for providing end-of-life care to Pam (Kelaher, Sabanovic, La Brooy, Lock, Lusher Brown, 2014). They should be informed that end-of-life-care is provided by a team of professionals including palliative nurses, physicians, social workers, priests, and bereavement counselors. Each of these experts has an important role to play in the delivery of palliative care services to the patient and her family members. Therefore, to receive holistic care, they should be encouraged to collaborate and foster a good relationship with them. It is necessary to do so because palliative care extends even after the death of the patient because his family members still need to be bereaved and comforted in case a death occurs (Thompson, Fahs Kell, 2016). Conclusion Pam is a patient who is nursing life-threatening illnesses. The healthcare providers should provide her with palliative services that can enable her to improve the quality of her life and adequately prepare her for her eventual death. The patient needs to be adequately supported so as to address the physical, psychological, and spiritual needs of the patients and her family members as well. However, as an Aboriginal, the healthcare providers should apply the principles of culturally-competent care to enable them appeal to the patient and win her confidence in the services rendered. To accomplish this, the palliative care providers should embrace a therapeutic communication strategy, accept the patients cultural views, and incorporate the contribution of the patient in the treatment process. References Almutairi, A.F., McCarthy, A. Gardner, G.E., (2014). Understanding Cultural Competence in a Multicultural Nursing Workforce Registered Nurses Experience in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Transcultural Nursing, p.1043659614523992. Bylund, C.L., Peterson, E.B. Cameron, K.A. (2012). A practitioner's guide to interpersonal communication theory: An overview and exploration of selected theories. Patient education and counseling, 87(3), pp.261-267. Daws, K., et al., (2014). Implementing a working together model for Aboriginal patients with acute coronary syndrome: an Aboriginal Hospital Liaison Officer and a specialist cardiac nurse working together to improve hospital care. Australian Health Review, 38(5), 552-556. Donato, R. Segal, L., (2013). Does Australia have the appropriate health reform agenda to close the gap in Indigenous health?. Australian Health Review, 37(2), pp.232-238. Doolan, I., Najman, J., Henderson, S., Cherney, A., Plotnikova, M., Ward, J., Kemp, R., Dev, A. Smirnov, A. (2015). A retrospective comparison study of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander injecting drug users and their contact with youth detention and/or prison. Australian Indigenous Health Bulletin, 15(4). Grant, J., Parry, Y., Guerin, P. (2013). An investigation of culturally competent terminology in healthcare policy finds ambiguity and lack of definition. Australian and New Zealand journal of public health, 37(3), 250-256. Jongen, C., McCalman, J., Bainbridge, R. Tsey, K. (2014). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander maternal and child health and wellbeing: a systematic search of programs andservices in Australian primary health care settings. BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 14(1), p.1. Joseph-Williams, N., Elwyn, G., Edwards, A. (2014). Knowledge is not power for patients: a systematic review and thematic synthesis of patient-reported barriers and facilitators to shared decision making. Patient education and counseling, 94(3), 291-309. Katzenellenbogen, J. M., Miller, L. J., Somerford, P., McEvoy, S., Bessarab, D. (2015). Strategic information for hospital service planning: a linked data study to inform an urban Aboriginal Health Liaison Officer program in Western Australia. Australian Health Review, 39(4), 429-436. Kelaher, M., Sabanovic, H., La Brooy, C., Lock, M., Lusher, D., Brown, L. (2014). Does more equitable governance lead to more equitable health care? A case study based on the implementation of health reform in Aboriginal health Australia. Social Science Medicine, 123, 278-286. McKenna, B., Fernbacher, S., Furness, T., Hannon, M. (2015). Cultural brokerage and beyond: piloting the role of an urban Aboriginal Mental Health Liaison Officer. BMC public health, 15(1), 881. Renzaho, A.M.N., Romios, P., Crock, C., Snderlund, A.L. (2013). The effectiveness of cultural competence programs in ethnic minority patient-centered health carea systematic review of the literature. International Journal for Quality in Health Care, 25(3), pp.261-269. Russell, L.M., (2013). Reports indicate that changes are needed to close the gap for Indigenous health. Med J Aust, 199(11), pp.1-2. Schwind, J. K., McCay, E., Metersky, K., Martin, J. (2016). Development and Implementation of an Advanced Therapeutic Communication Course: An Interprofessional Collaboration. Journal of Nursing Education, 55(10), 592-597. Shay, L. A., Lafata, J. E. (2015). Where is the evidence? A systematic review of shared decision making and patient outcomes. Medical Decision Making, 35(1), 114-131. Thompson, C., Fahs, B., Kell, C. (2016). A Nurse-Led Collaborative Linking Medical Center with Community Partners Transforms Patient Care and Reduces Readmissions. Heart Lung: The Journal of Acute and Critical Care, 45(4), 381.

Freud Dreamwork Essays - Freudian Psychology, Psychotherapy, Dream

Freud Dreamwork 1 INTRODUCTION Although Jung was a pupil of Freud, and one would think they shared the same idea about the interpretation of dreams, that is not exactly true. Freud proposed the notorious idea that dreams are a reflextion of subconsciousness, but Jung expanded on Freud and added another dimension to this relation. In Jung's view, dreams not only lead to personal subconsciousness, but also to collective unconsciousness. This paper attempts to present the two theories of dreams and stress the unique qualities in each of them. I believe the reader will excuse a 'clinical' tone of paper, knowing that originally this text was written as school assignment. In 1995, I wrote this paper under the guidance of Branka Bajgoric, who was my psychology teacher in the high school I attended. I omitted the technical part of the paper: identifying problem and developing the thesis. I also did not include a part in which I discussed the implications of becoming lucid in dream on the interpretation. Not that it would be inappropriate, but I think that subject is so broad that it demands a separate paper in order to sufficiently cover it. I think that nowadays, where there are so much alternative (occult) explanations of dreams available, we often forget about the old thinkers. What is even worse, we tend to think they are out of date or irrelevant in this rush of global spiritual evolution. However, I find the following two scientists, and Jung particularly, extremely contemporary. I hope the following paper will attract some of reader's interest to further study the rich work of both, should I say big men? Ljubljana, July 1998 2 THEORETICAL INTRODUCTION 2.1 FREUD'S PSYCHOANALYTIC INTERPRETATION OF DREAMS With his psycho-analysis, Sigmund Freud opened the door for dreams to become a subject of scientifical research. He became interested in dreams when dealing with his patients because they were telling dreams spontaneously. He soon systematically included interpretation of dreams in psycho-analysis right beside hypnosis and free association. In the end of 19th century he eventually researched the mechanism of dreaming. The analysis of dreams is indispensable tool in therapy for each psychoanalyst since then, and for Freud, dreams are even the key to theoretical understanding of subconscious. He explained also dreams of people, who did not suffer from mental illness, in psychoanalitic way and so he was changing his psychotherapy in theory in the very beginning. 2.1.1 A desire to sleep When we become tired of receiving of and responding to stimuli from environment we try to fall asleep. The main characteristic of psychical state of a sleeper is therefore a withdrawal from reality and cessation of taking all interests in it. We try to fall asleep by disconnecting from all sources of external stimuli. We lay down in a silent, dark room and cover our body to keep it comfortably warm and so minimize input from environment. Of course, an absolute withdrawal in which we would stop to perceive environment is not possible. In other words, the sleeper does not have a 'switch' to switch off at the time of sleeping and switch on back, when the time for awakening comes. After all, if such absolute withdrawal was possible to achieve, the sleeper would risk not to wake up again, since more and more strong stimuli in the morning are exactly what wakes up the sleeper. These stimuli disturb us also during the sleep, and our mentality is forced to respond to them - with dreams. Disturbing stimuli can be either external or internal. External stimuli come from environment and from inside of our physical body. Their task is to warn of imbalance in the body (e.g. full bladder, thirst) or else they contain information about disturbances in environment (e.g. low room temperature, noise). There are lot of evidences how dreams maintain sleep in such cases. For Freud though, the external stimuli are important only to the extent that suggest analogous existance of more important, psychical pressure on sleeper: an internal stimulus. This internal stimulation emerges either because of the continuation of our diurnal mental activity or pressure of our unsatisfied instinctive aspirations. The latter are in psychotherapy very important, because they can express those conflicts,

Company Starbucks essay

Company Starbucks essay Company Starbucks essay Company Starbucks essayStarbucks is a global coffeehouse chain and coffee company which is headquartered in Seattle. The company started as coffee retailer and roaster, and then added coffeehouses to its services. The company was created in 1971 and incorporated in 1985 (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Starbucks is the worldwide coffeehouse leader: the company operates more than 20,000 stores located in 64 countries (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Among these stores, more than 13,000 are located in the United States (Pride Ferrell, 2013).ProductsStarbucks sells the following types of products: coffee and tea, fresh food, handcrafted beverages and merchandise (Pride Ferrell, 2013). The products sold by Starbucks include ground coffee, roasted whole bean coffee, various sorts of tea and coffee, bottled water and juices and various single-serve items. In Starbuckss coffeehouses customers can also purchase fresh food offerings, lunch items, pastries, sandwiches and ready-to-drink beverages. It is possi ble to purchase merchandise such as coffee machines and coffee accessories in Starbucks. The company also licenses the rights to producing and distributing key Starbucks brands to Pepsi-Cola company and distributes its specialty coffee trademarks through the national foodservice chains, groceries and licensed stores (Pride Ferrell, 2013).IndustryStarbucks operates in the industry which is called specialty eateries. This industry includes the companies which operate various limited service restaurants serving specialty items. This industry is quite competitive and highly fragmented. The top 50 companies operating in this industry account for approximately 45% of industry revenue (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Coffee and doughnut shops account for 40% and 20% of revenue in specialty eateries industry (Pride Ferrell, 2013). There are several large players in this industry such as Dunkin Donuts, Einstein Noah, Krispy Kreme Doughnuts, Tim Hortons, etc (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Companies like Ma cDonalds and Subway also partially relate to this industry. The demand in this industry depends on demographics in the chosen region, customers income and customers tastes. The threat of entrants in the industry is low, while competition is high and the threat of substitutes is also high. Bargaining power of suppliers is moderate as well as the bargaining power of customers (Pride Ferrell, 2013).Marketing and target customersStarbucks sales account for about 33% of all coffee sales in the U.S (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Such immense success is to a large extent caused by the efficiency of Starbuckss marketing strategy. Starbuckss target customers are people aged between 25 and 40 years old which bring almost half of revenue to the company (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Most of Starbucks customers live in urban areas, are qualified professionals and pay a lot of attention to social welfare and going out (Pride Ferrell, 2013). Starbucks attracts these customers with the help of innovative desi gn, decor and advertising and by its famous coffee culture which encourages Starbuckss customers to socialize and share their experiences.In addition, Starbucks targets two more customer groups: young adults group and group including kids and teens. The former group accounts for about 40% of total revenue of Starbucks, and the latter group accounts for only 2% of sales (Pride Ferrell, 2013). However, it is important to note that the majority of items for the latter group are purchased by their parents and therefore high sales of the primary customer group reflect a combined demand of adults and kids and teens group.CompetitorsThe major competitors of Starbucks are two companies operating in the specialty eateries industry McDonalds and Dunkin Brands Group, and one company operating in the food industry Nestle S.A. McDonalds and Dunkin Brands largely compete with Starbuckss chain of coffee stores, and the products of Nestle S.A. compete with Starbuckss roasted coffee and tea produ cts (Seaford, Culp Brooks, 2012). McDonalds offers a relatively simple choice of coffees and it competes with Starbucks for those customers who choose basic coffee offers. The major advantages of McDonalds are the its large number of restaurants worldwide and its family-focused image.Dunkin Donuts offers doughnuts and sandwiches which are almost similar to Starbuckss offerings. The choice of coffees and other beverages at Dunkin Donuts is more limited compared to Starbucks, but the choice of doughnuts is more attractive. As for Nestle, it competes with Starbucks in the market of instant and premium coffee; Nestle has stronger business relationships with coffee suppliers and wider distribution network, but Starbucks is also quickly expanding into the coffee segment of the food market (Seaford, Culp Brooks, 2012).

Comparing one of the three Illinois State Budget Crisis topics Essay

Comparing one of the three Illinois State Budget Crisis topics (pensions, state borrowing and infrastructure) with the same issue in other jurisdictions (US or non-US) - Essay Example The Governor’s proposal to reduce the states spending could lessen the impacts of the financial mess. However, the move would in the future raise cost of living adjustments for workers, rose retirement age and reduced pensions for higher salaried citizens. Budget documents had previously in 2011 projected 1100 layoffs in a proposal to reduce state spending and, consequently, close particular state offices (Yaccino, 2012). The move to cut pension benefits implied a violation of the constitution that formed the umbrella of workers protecting them against the grim consequences of such changes. The article critically analyzes the Illinois State Budget Crisis as published as published by the New York Times editors. The paper compares the crisis to Canadian jurisdictions and applies the methods Canadian state previously utilized to contain a predicament of a similar nature. The essay will offer an integrated approach t the topic of study. The state’s financial crisis made the workers become uncertain about their retirements while at the same time straining the state’s budget and sinking credit ratings. Political leaders agreed to solve the financial shortfalls by cutting the pension benefits. The union and state workers celebrated the court ruling (Davey, 2015). However, critics viewed the ruling as capable of escalating the state’s financial challenges. The State Representative Elaine Nekritz, a Democrat, defined the extent of the challenge as more difficult and painful. The Democrat officials previously held numerous debates with the unions for several years while discussing a way forward to solve the state’s issue. The unions, however, opposed the proposals to cut the pension benefits. The officials, surprisingly, argued that in the essence of the state’s economic situation, they would pass into law the bill that proposes a cut in the pension benefits. The reporter notes that the state experienced a pension finance deficit